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Gobblers Active at Spring Season Start

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April 5, 2017-Oklahoma’s 2016 spring turkey hunting season will start a half-hour before sunrise April 6 in all areas except the Southeast Region. The general spring turkey hunting season will run through May 6. In the eight-county Southeast Region, youth spring turkey season will be April 15-16, and the general turkey season will be April 17 to May 6.

Based on field reports submitted in the past few days by Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation personnel, habitat conditions are generally good to excellent in all regions, and bird numbers should offer some good hunting opportunities.

Warmer conditions earlier in the year have put turkeys in most areas ahead of normal for spring breeding activity. By region, here are some insights for turkey hunters this spring.

Northwest Region
Reported by Eddie Wilson, Northwest Region Senior Biologist

Current Gobbler Activity: Birds have broken up for the most part throughout the northwest counties. Panhandle birds are still reported to be in groups. Birds are gobbling, strutting and breeding with exception of the Panhandle. Bird activity slowed some last week with the cooler temperatures and rain, but it still seems to be ahead of normal.

Condition of Habitat: Habitat conditions are good. Most of the region experienced from 1 to 3 inches of rain last week, so everything is green. Winter wheat is in good condition, and there is plenty of nesting cover available on the WMAs. Recent wildfires have temporarily removed nesting cover on many acres of private land. Most roost trees did suffer at least some damage during the January ice storm.

Reports From Landowners and Scouting Hunters: Landowners are reporting slightly lower numbers this year, compared with the last couple of years. I did get a chance to talk with some youth hunters this past weekend, and several of them were successful in harvesting a bird.

Hunters struggled with cool, wet conditions but still got birds to respond to calling.

WMAs in the Region: Three of the most popular Northwest Region wildlife management areas for spring turkey hunting are Canton, Fort Supply and Cooper. But most every WMA in the region provides some turkey hunting opportunity. Be sure to check the regulations regarding the WMA you choose to hunt. A number of the wildlife management areas have a one-tom limit, and shooting hours close at 7 p.m. daily.

Best Tips:
1. Call less.
2. Stay in the woods longer than just the early morning hours.
3. Go deeper into the woods, especially on WMAs.

Biggest Mistakes:
1. Avoid being impatient; give the birds time to get to you.
2. Be sure to scout the area prior to the hunt, and know what to expect.
3. Be still; turkeys can pick up on the slightest movement.
Opening Day Expectations: The weather forecast for opening weekend looks to be good in the northwest. Bird numbers are down slightly in some areas, but there are still a good number of birds to hunt, and habitat and food sources are in good shape. Be prepared to encounter other hunters on Wildlife Management Areas throughout the Northwest Region. Based on the number of interested turkey hunter calls I have received this year, it may be busy. Good luck and hunt safe!

Southwest Region
Reported by Ron Smith, Southwest Region Senior Biologist

Current Gobbler Activity: Turkeys began moving away from winter roosting areas around March 10. Since that time, groups have begun to split into smaller units, with mature toms taking hen groups with them. Toms began to strut about March 20. Since that time, regular display and breeding activity has steadily increased.

Condition of Habitat: Overall habitat condition throughout the region is very good to excellent. Winter wheat is further along than it was in 2016. Two years of good moisture has greatly improved native range condition. Nesting cover will be adequate. Moisture to date in 2017 should encourage good brood-rearing habitat.

Reports From Landowners and Scouting Hunters: Landowners and early scouting hunters have reported steadily increasing activity. Many have noted turkeys in new areas and their absence in more historic places. This is likely the result of turkeys shifting around to new roosts following damage to roost trees.

WMAs in the Region: Turkey hunting destinations in the region include Packsaddle, Black Kettle, Sandy Sanders, Fort Cobb and Waurika WMAs.

Best Tips:
1. Spend as much time scouting as possible. Some of the traditional areas may have moved a bit from previous years.
2. Practice all different kinds of calling methods. The best way to learn is spending time in the field watching and listening to the birds’ social activities and understanding how this all fits into the breeding cycle.
3. As always, use great care while approaching the hunt area to maintain good concealment and minimize movement.

Biggest Mistakes:
1. Leaving the hunt area too early can take a hunter out of the game.
2. Turkeys will have patterns throughout the day that hunters may take advantage of.
3. This all goes back to thorough scouting and patience.
Opening Day Expectations: Hunters should expect a great time in the field. Turkey numbers throughout most of the region will provide ample opportunity. Breeding activity will likely be in full swing, so there will be plenty of action.

Central Region
Reported by Jeff Pennington, Central Region Wildlife Supervisor

Current Gobbler Activity: Current activity varies across the region but is about where you would expect it to be during the first part of April. Birds have broken up, and breeding activity has initiated.

Condition of Habitat: The region went through a dry spell this fall and winter, but recent rains have increased new growth in most of the region. Where moisture has been present, the spring green-up is ahead of “schedule.”
Reports From Landowners and Scouting Hunters: Varied reports: Some landowners and sportsmen report the breeding season is well under way, while others report the winter flock breakups have just occurred in their area.
WMAs in the Region: In north-central Oklahoma, Kaw and Deep Fork WMAs are good bets for turkey hunters. In south-central, Washita Arm and Hickory Creek WMAs provide ample opportunity to harvest a tom.

Best Tips:
1. Try for success around burned patches. Turkeys highly use areas that have been recently burned.
2. Hunt the afternoon, too. Often hunters go hard until midmorning, then give up. Toms may be “henned up” at that time, but may be more receptive later in the day.
3. Hunt late season. Much less competition after the first 10 days of the season.

Biggest Mistakes:
1. Be 100 percent certain of your target to avoid potential accidents.
2. Moving too quickly when you know there is a silent tom in the area.
3. Only hunting the early morning period.
Opening Day Expectations: There has been average reproduction the past four years in the region. Local numbers may vary, but on average hunters in the region should expect to see a balanced age structure. Breeding status and habitat is about where it should be for early April. As always in Oklahoma, weather conditions will play a big role on any individual day.

Northeast Region
Reported by Russell Perry, Biologist

Current Gobbler Activity: With the warm, wet weather we have been having, the winter flocks have broken up, and we are beginning to see breeding activity. Overall, activity is as much as two weeks ahead of what we expect to see this time of year.

Condition of Habitat: Early-onset spring this year has left the habitat in good to excellent condition. Everything is greening up quickly, and there are already lots of bugs available.
Reports From Landowners and Scouting Hunters: Birds have been gobbling in some areas since late February or early March, with some hens exhibiting what appears to be nesting behavior.

WMAs in the Region: All of the Northeast Region WMAs are open to turkey hunting and all share similar good to excellent habitat. Turkey numbers vary somewhat from one WMA to another, but all offer good opportunity.

Best Tips:
1. Scout the area and birds you intend to hunt and get to know them well.
2. Look for feeding areas; set up where the birds want to be.

Biggest Mistakes:
1. Don’t call too much! Listen to the birds and try to mimic their call frequency and volume.
2. Stay as still as possible. Turkeys have excellent eyesight, and it doesn’t take much movement to put them on alert or on the run.
Opening Day Expectations: Opening day/weekend is usually high volume for hunter numbers. Habitat conditions run from good to excellent, and bird numbers from fair to good. So barring any bad weather, it should be a good time to go hunting.

Southeast Region
Reported by Jack Waymire, Senior Biologist

Current Gobbler Activity: Mixed reports of observations of some single hens, single gobblers and gobblers with hens strutting. Gobbling activity early in the mornings but less during the day.

Condition of Habitat: The Southeast Region has experienced dry conditions from January through March. Good seed availability from last year with an increase in insects this past week. The weather forecast indicates some rain during the first week of April.

The Southeast Region experienced extreme drought conditions from 2004 through 2012 with poor reproduction. In 2013 we had good reproduction, 2014 fair reproduction, and 2015 and 2016 had poor reproduction due to flash flooding.

Reports From Landowners and Scouting Hunters: Reports of toms with hens strutting the past three weeks.
WMAs in the Region: McGee Creek WMA and Three Rivers WMA.

Best Tips:
1. Start scouting for turkeys where you found them last year.
2. Be patient.
3. Set up in a place that has the topography such that when the turkey comes into view, it is within shotgun range.

Biggest Mistakes:
1. Many hunters try to get too close; the turkey is usually not as far away as you think.
2. Do not set up in a place that will limit range of motion of your shotgun.
3. Turkeys will sometimes come in and then circle you looking for what he thinks is a hen.
Opening Day Expectations: Hunting pressure is always high on public lands but not on private property. If possible, try to get away and hunt during the week on public lands because weekends attract more hunters.
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The statewide season bag limit is three tom turkeys per hunter, but daily and season limits for individual counties and WMAs vary. To find out the bag limits for the area to be hunted along with field tagging, E-Check and other turkey hunting requirements, consult the 2016-17

“Oklahoma Hunting and Fishing Regulations Guide” available online at wildlifedepartment.com, in print where fishing or hunting licenses are sold, or on “The Official OK Fish & Wildlife Guide” app for iPhone and Android.

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Outdoors

The Rise of the Quail

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By Laci Jones

Quail hunting is a long-standing tradition in Oklahoma. Unfortunately, many Oklahomans have seen fewer quail in the state throughout the past few decades.

“The decline has been throughout the United States with different species of quail,” said Scott Cox, Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation senior upland game biologist.

However, quail numbers have been on the rise in recent years in Oklahoma, according to Cox.

Two quail species reside in Oklahoma: northern bobwhite and scaled. The scaled quail is mainly found in the panhandle and the extreme western part of the state, while the northern bobwhite is found statewide.

The scaled quail, also known as blue quail, can be identified by its pale gray plumage. This medium-sized bird has a bushy white crest and a scaled pattern over its neck, chest and belly.

The northern bobwhite quail are small and plump. The males are chestnut, brown and white with a white throat and black plumage on their head. Similar to the males, the female northern bobwhite is a reddish color with a buffy throat and eyebrow.

“When we did research in the ‘90s, it was thought that quail stayed within a 40-acre area their whole life,” Cox said.

Cox and other researchers with ODWC and Oklahoma State University tracked quail as technology advanced. Using radio transmitters, the researchers found that quail move several miles in the spring and fall shuffles. Spring shuffle is the period where the birds come out of their coveys in the spring, he explained.

The fall shuffle is when birds mix and match coveys after nesting season. This usually occurs from mid-September to mid to late November. Birds in the fall have been recorded by radio-collaring to move several miles, 3 to 50 miles to be exact, he added.

“The males will move a little bit farther in the spring,” Cox said. “But, it is not uncommon for the hens to move as far as 15 to 20 miles sometimes.”

Cox said many different dynamics have impacted quail numbers including dramatic changes to the environment. Beginning in the ‘70s, urban expansion, small farms going out of production and the introduction of exotic grasses caused quail numbers to decline, he said.

“The biggest decline by far has been the habitat factor,” Cox said. “Quail are getting on islands in some parts of the state.”

Quail are a shrub forb native-grass obligate, he said. Quail require a mixture of grasses, weeds and shrubs.

“To have good numbers of quail like we did this year in the western part of Oklahoma, they have to have large expansions of native grasses and shrub components quail can utilize,” Cox said.

Quail favor Oklahoma-native grasses including little bluestem, big bluestem, switchgrass and Indian grass. The grasses are mixed with weeds like ragweed, sunflower and pigweeds as well as small, mid-range shrubs like sand plums, skunkbrush and wild rose.

“The worst thing for quail is a monoculture of grasses,” he explained. “They require a lot of diversity for their diet and for thermal cover and nesting cover.”

Farmers and ranchers across the state spray for weeds and introduce new grasses, Cox explained.

For example, farmers and ranchers are planting Bermuda grass and fescue for cattle grazing or hay in the northeast part of the state, Cox explained. However, this is also a problem statewide, he added­. The western part of the state does not have the Bermuda grass or fescue, but grasses like weeping lovegrass, plains blustem and old world bluestem are introduced.

“The urban sprawl has also taken some of the better habitat and changed over into timber stands or cleared for monoculture type areas,” Cox said.

In the last 20 to 25 years, housing developments have sprung up in Tulsa, Oklahoma City, and other large towns across the state, which is eliminating or changing the dynamics of their preferred habitat. However, quail can be found in those fragmented segments if large enough acreage is available, he added.

Cox said the lack of prescribed burning on the landscape has also had a negative impact on quail numbers.

“Quail are an early-successional type of animal,” he explained. “What pops up in that first year after a burn are weeds and forbs, which are ideal feeding locations for quail.”

The second factor that affects quail is weather conditions, which goes hand-in-hand with habitat loss, Cox said. Weather conditions like hot, dry summers are not helpful for quail reproduction, he explained.

Cox became the senior upland game biologist within the last three years, when Oklahoma was coming out of the drought. He said hunter numbers and quail numbers were also at an all-time low.

“When we had the drought, it got so hot that the hens stopped nesting in the heat of the summer,” he explained. “If you have these mild summers like we have had in recent years— the wetter, cooler summers, that is the best conditions for birds to have good success to raise a lot of birds.”

Quail number and hunter numbers have doubled each year since the drought ended in June 2013, Cox said. Based on roadside surveys conducted in Aug. and Oct., quail numbers have increased almost 60 percent from 2014.

“Western Oklahoma is the area in the state that has the best population of birds,” Cox said.

The northwest region showed a 101 percent increase, while the southwest region showed a 78.4 percent increase compared to 2014.

Some parts of northeast and southeast Oklahoma have seen an increase in quail numbers, but he said it is not a dramatic increase like in the northwest and southwest regions.

However, quail numbers in the south-central and north-central parts of the state have declined the past couple of years compared to the other regions, Cox said. Based on the roadside surveys, the north-central and south-central regions showed an 18 and 83 percent decline, respectively.

“We haven’t pin-pointed exactly what is going on in the south-central part of the state besides habitat loss, invasion of eastern red cedar and bad fragmentation,” Cox explained. “The south-central region is not quite a bottleneck, but quail have a hard time moving or shuffling from one area to another.”

Cox said he expects quail numbers to fluctuate throughout the years, especially when Oklahoma has very hot and dry summers. However, ODWC and OSU continue to work together on different research projects including quail nest structures, aflatoxins in seeds, insect productions, aerial predators in western Oklahoma and other environmental impacts.

The research conducted by ODWC and OSU helps give landowners information to best manage their property. A common mistake landowners make is over or under grazing along with the lack of prescribed burning, Cox said. Poor land management can have a negative impact on the quail habitat, he added.

“If it looks like a golf course on someone’s property, then it’s not going to be conducive for quail,” he said. “Grazing is great as long as it’s done the right way.”

The National Resources Conservation Services can help adjust a landowner’s grazing rates to be more productive for cattlemen.

“The landowner has to make a living,” Cox said, “but, if you can try and help them balance property and not overgraze or under graze, and put prescribed burning in the picture, they can be productive on a piece of property as long it has native structure.”

The ODWC has wildlife technical assistance programs for landowners including wetland, habitat and quail restoration program, he said. Private land biologists can assess property to give management recommendations depending on the landowners’ needs.

“It’s not just quail,” he added. “These management programs can help other non-game species like monarch butterflies and honeybees.”

For more information on ODWC technical assistance programs, visit wildlifedepartment.com.

This article originally appeared in the February 2016 issue of Oklahoma Farm & Ranch. 

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Outdoors

Bumble bees, hornets and wasp… oh my!

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By Andy Anderson

It’s August, which means hunting season is right around the corner. Hunters will soon begin to venture back into the woods to start prepping. Part of this annual ritual is checking out the deer stand, camp area and to getting things cleaned up. This is dangerous and will make you scream for your mamma if you are not prepared!

A few weeks ago I was clearing some fence line out. I had just cut the wire and kicked the wire fence to push it out of the vegetation and away from the T-post. It was then I realized I had just entered into a very painful situation. Now, I’ve been stung by honey bees, wasp, hornets, ground hornets and more, but what I had just angered was unlike anything I had ever experienced.

As I stepped back to move down to the next post, I heard a buzzing sound and the all too familiar bug flying around my face. I gave a quick swat of a hand, a swat that seemed to kick it all off. All of a sudden, BAMM! Before my mind could catch up and process what was happening, I had been hit four or five times in the head. As I turned to run, two more hit me in the back and right above my belly button.

I felt like I got a little distance from the attackers, but as I turned to check my six wounds, I see this black mass emerging from the ground, forming into a ball. I pick up the pace. I am digging in with each step in near panic, wanting to scream in fear of the pending pain that’s about to rain down me. As I am looking back, running as hard as I can at the moment, I trip. My combat training kicks in: I go with the fall, roll out left and pop up quick to get back on my feet. BAMM! One more hits me right between the shoulder blades.

I slide around the front of the truck like Bo Duke, grab the driver’s door handle and jump in. A dirty little aerial assassin followed me into the truck! I jump out quick; it follows me out. I jump back in.

As I sit there, covered in sweat and dirt, the pain starts to radiate throughout my body, specifically my head. I had been stung at least nine times; six of the most painful were in the back of my head. My belly was on fire! As I am catching my breath, trying to think of my next move, I look up. Hundreds, if not thousands of those black and yellow angry bumble bees were swarming my truck. I couldn’t believe it! They were literally ramming the windows, –you could hear each impact.

As the pain sets in I begin to develop a sense of a need to retaliate. As soon as it was safe to do so, I jump into my cabbed skid steer equipped with the equivalent of a brush hog. I shred the area where I thought they emerged from. There were thousands of them, vicious and fearless. They were attacking and trying to sting the equipment.

I pull back and wait to see if they will go away. Nope. After applying eight cans of wasp spray with no success, I call an exterminator. There were two, possibly three, hives underground. It was bad, and of course I had to find it.

The pain lasted two days, my head swelled up and my stomach turned red. I had always been told bumble bees had the worst sting and would chase you down. Well, I can confirm that statement.

A week later, as I head out to the woods to start prepping for this approaching hunting season, I am reminded of what I will more than likely encounter.

My experience with the bumble bees has changed my approach to dealing with wasp and such. I take a much more cautious approach, stopping to watch for any flying to and from to help identify where the nest is. Then a hit the igniter and open the fuel system with the gentle squeeze of the handle. The flame grows and intensifies. With a sweeping motion I cover the entire deer stand with the flame thrower, burning it to the ground along with all those stinging little…ok, not really, but it’s what I imagine I’m doing as I spray them down with wasp spray.

Bottom line, I was lucky. Bee stings in general are no joke, worse if you happen to be allergic to them. I took a bunch of hits when any one of them could have caused an allergic reaction and possibly death.

People do die each year from bee stings, mainly because they couldn’t get help fast enough. Before you enter the woods or head out to work that fence line, go prepared. Get some wasp spray, pain reliever, an epi pen and a flame thrower!                   

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Outdoors

Luscious Basket Tangeglow

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Perfect Container Companion

By Norman Winter | Horticulturist Author and Speaker

After seeing the flowers at the Young’s Plant Farm Annual Garden Tour in Auburn AL I felt a sense of desperation to get my hands on the Luscious Basket Tangeglow lantana. I don’t always think about lantana being a component plant in mixed-container designs but they had several that were simply dazzling.

Luscious Basket Tangeglow is a fairly new lantana and its name gives reference to its compact nature of 12 to 26 inches in height and a spread of 12 to 24 inches. You might wonder about the differences in height and width and that is attributed to the length of the growing season.

Luscious Basket Tangeglow has done great in university trials winning Perfect Score at University of Minnesota, Iowa State, Oklahoma State and University of Tennessee. Then it took home Directors Select at Penn State and a bunch of Top Performer awards.

The Luscious Basket Tangeglow offers flowers that might at first seem like all of the other lantanas in the market with Orange and Yellow but it is the third color, peach, that makes it unique and opens the door to such artistic recipes as those seen at the Young’s Plant Farm Annual Garden Tour.

I think my favorite was a recipe called Never Lonely. I can tell from my Facebook fans this was a hit according to their responses. It features Supertunia Bermuda Beach, Superbells Yellow calibrachoa and of course the star of this column the Luscious Basket Tangeglow lantana.

The name, Never Lonely, would certainly seem appropriate from a couple of reasons. Pollinators would be ever present, and of course, friends and neighbors would always be around gawking and gasping at its beauty.

The next recipe that brought out my camera was Golden Gala. It featured Goldilocks Rocks bidens, cheerful golden daisy-like flowers. Then there was this year’s new Superbells Double Redstone calibrachoa with red petals and gold margins and of course our star Luscious Basket Tangeglow lantana.

It would not be hard for me to say the next recipe was my favorite. The color partnership takes your breath away. Oddly it was there without a name. The tag simply read Southern Combo Number 15. When I posted it to my Facebook page more than a couple asked about a particular partner.

Southern Combo Number 15 featured Superbells Cherry Red calibrachoa. Son James has grown this one on more than once but old Dad now has it on the to do list. The Cherry Red color with the Luscious Basket Tangeglow was simply dreamy. You could look at it all day.

Then there was the third partner that caused the stir within my Facebook world. It was Mezoo Trailing Red, Livingstone Daisy. It was known botanically as Dorotheanthus bellidiformis but looks to now be Aptenia cordifolia. It is the lush succulent variegated foliage that tugs at our heartstrings but you may catch sight of a red daisy-like flower.  The three together make one creative combination.

Luscious Basket Tangeglow lantana is rated zone 9 and warmer as perennial and will be worth every penny as an annual. Sunlight and well drained soil are the prerequisites. The Garden Guy has been getting a spring return on all of the other Luscious varieties in zone 8 Georgia and hopefully, this will be the same with Luscious Basket Tangeglow. Follow me on Facebook @NormanWinterTheGardenGuy for more photos and garden inspiration.

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