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Tips for Winter Bird Feeding

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By Michael Newell

            When the temperatures turn cold and you get a little ice or snow, it is important to think of some of the smaller creatures that share our world and the struggles that they are faced with to find food on a daily basis. One sure way to lend a helping hand to the many species of songbirds that choose to stay here for the winter is to put out a bird feeder or two.

Feeding birds is lots of fun and has gotten very, very popular. In fact, a recent survey by BirdWatchingDaily.com reported that 52 million Americans feed birds or other wildlife. That is more than play golf, hunt or fish combined. There is something soothing about feeding birds, something relaxing. With all the hustle and bustle of this season, we could all use a little relaxation.

An additional benefit is if you start feeding now, then in January you can participate in the Winter Bird Feeder Survey conducted by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation. Watch this column for more details.

There are many types of feeders on the market and each will attract different birds. There are also many different types of bird seeds on the market, and the food you put out will also determine which birds (and animals) will come to your feeders. Some birds want to eat on the ground while others prefer eating while hanging upside down! Even the size of the holes in a feeder and the length of the perches will determine which feathery guests will visit your offerings.

The Audubon society offers some good information about backyard bird feeding including types of feeders, foods and birds that might frequent your feeding station.

What type(s) of feeders should you use?

The type of bird feeder you use will determine which birds come to your yard to eat. Do you want hummingbirds, woodpeckers, orioles, chickadees, cardinals, goldfinches or doves?

Maybe your answer is “All of the above.” In this case you will need a number of different feeder types!

  • Platform feeders are simply flat tables raised off the ground. Cardinals like these. Doves will eat from them, too, if they are not very far off the ground.
  • Tube feeders are cylindrical tubes with openings up and down the tube — perfect for Chickadees and Goldfinches. Shorten the perches to keep larger birds away.
  • Hopper feeders are bins that hold seeds that spill out of the bottom as the birds eat. Many birds will come to these — including larger birds like Blue Jays, Grackles and Starlings.
  • Suet feeders are wire or mesh baskets that hold suet or pre-packaged suet cakes. Woodpeckers love these!
  • Bowl feeders are hanging bowls that typically are covered by a large plastic dome to keep out the rain and snow.
  • Specialized feeders include pine cones (great for lathering with peanut butter), and sharpened sticks to hold orange halves for Orioles. You can also sprinkle seeds directly on the ground — but this attracts other critters as well.

What types of food should you use?

            The favorite food of most seed eating songbirds is black-oil sunflower seed. This is a small solid black seed, not to be confused with the larger striped sunflower. Birds such as cardinals, blue jays, chickadees, juncos, mourning dove and finches are especially fond of black-oil sunflower. And another nice feature is that it is not a favorite of house sparrows and starlings, two less desired species. Offer it from hopper type feeders or tube style feeders.

            Niger thistle seed will appeal to goldfinches. This small seed is expensive, but goes a long way until a goldfinch feeding frenzy erupts at your feeder. A specially designed tube style feeder is needed for thistle.

            Ground feeders such as bobwhite quail, towhees, and dove will also enjoy white corso millet, but spreading this may encourage unwanted visitors.

Bird feeding tips

Feeding the birds can be very simple, from putting peanut butter on a pine cone to impaling half an orange on a nail. Here are some tips from the National Wildlife Federation to help you attract the visitors you desire while discouraging some of the uninvited guests:

  1. Put out feeders with good size capacity:  And/or use multiple feeders to provide ample food especially during snow and ice storms. There are many stores in your area that sell excellent bird feeders including bird-specific stores and most lawn and garden centers.
  2. Provide nutritious winter seed foods: For most birds these often include seed mixes of black oil sunflower seed, hulled peanuts, niger seed and white millet seed.  Mixed seed bags can be purchased at local bird and lawn and garden stores or you can go on line and visit the Scott’s Songbird Selections website for a store locator or to learn more about wild bird feeding.
  3. Offer fatty food, too:  Birds need to burn more calories in the winter just to stay warm. Suet is considered a high energy food because it consists of fat that has nine calories per gram compared to four calories per gram for carbohydrates or protein. Peanut Butter is also popular with our flying friends but is more expensive than suet. Suet feeders are a favorite of woodpeckers and other insect-eating birds
  4. Keep your feeders full: Winter birds need to stock up on calories especially for those long, cold winter nights.
  5. Be consistent and keep feeding through the winter: Birds grow accustomed to your feeders especially in severe weather when the snacks you offer may mean their very survival. If you leave home for an extended period, try to have a neighbor or friend keep the feeders going.
  6. Remember water: Birds can become dehydrated in winter even if surrounded by ice and snow.  Putting out a pan of water near the feeder on warmer days is a terrific idea.
  7. Stamp down the snow below: Ground-feeding birds such as dark-eyed juncos, doves and many sparrows will be able to gather up the seed that drop from the feeders if they don’t have deep snow to try to manage.  
  8. Hang feeders in cat-safe locations: Place bird feeders in locations that do not also offer hiding places for sneak-attacks by cats and other predators. Think of placing the feeders ten to twelve feet from shrubs or brush piles.  This gives the birds some time to react.
  9. Save some money and stock up on seed: Bird feeding veterans say it is best to stock up on birdseed in the fall when many lawn and garden centers are discounting it to make way for winter merchandise. Stored properly, (in cool dry places) seed can easily last for months, particularly seed mixes and sunflower seeds.

Feeder maintenance and hygiene tips.

Cleaning birdfeeders and birdbaths is a crucial practice in preventing the spread of disease between birds. Recently, scientists noted that the spread of Trichomonad protozoan parasites, which cause a disease termed Trichomoniasis, was on the rise especially among mourning dove and band-tailed pigeon populations in the West.

You can tell if you have a disease problem at your feeders because diseased birds are less alert and less active, they feed less and may cower on a feeder, they may be reluctant to fly, and their feathers do not appear to be in good shape. Birds afflicted with Trichomoniasis typically develop sores in their mouths and throats. Unable to swallow, they drop food or water contaminated with Trichomonads that other birds then consume, thus spreading the disease.

With the concern over this and other diseases, including Salmonellosis, Aspergillosis, and Avian Pox, which are easily transmitted at birdfeeders and birdbaths, Audubon recommends paying diligent attention to cleanliness in pursuit of responsible and rewarding bird feeding practices. Birds with disease are more likely to die from starvation, dehydration, predation, and severe weather, so protect them by following these tips.

  • Disinfect your feeder and birdbath: To keep pathogens at bay, immerse your seed feeder or birdbath in a nine to one water-bleach solution, rinsing it thoroughly, one to two times per month (for tips on cleaning hummingbird feeders, click here). In the presence of outbreaks, disinfect twice as often.
  • Empty water from your birdbath every day: Brush or wipe it clean and rinse, then refill the birdbath with fresh water.
  • Discard old seed and hulls: When you clean your feeder, get rid of the old seed. Rake or sweep up any uneaten hulls on the ground. The disease-causing Trichomonad protozoan, for example, can live for up to five days in food and several hours in water.
  • Avoid overcrowding: If possible, provide more than one feeder and spread them out. Crowding only expedites the spread of disease, so give the birds variety and plenty of room.
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Where the Paved Road Ends: We Traded Front Porches for Facebook

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By Beth Watkins

I miss the days of living in a little one-stoplight town. Everybody knew everybody. If you rode your bike somewhere you weren’t supposed to be, by the time you got home your momma had already gotten a phone call. And if you sneezed on the east side of town, Miss Martha on the west side was already adding your sinuses to the church prayer list.

Every town had a few little old ladies who somehow knew everybody’s business and didn’t mind discussing someone else’s dirty laundry. Today, I guess they call it “spilling the tea.” The difference is, back then they whispered about it over coffee. Today folks post it before breakfast.

Social media wears me smooth out.

But it’s like watching a train wreck. You just can’t look away.

My sister, Glenna, lives a couple of hours from me. Most mornings, before noon, one of us sends the other a screenshot of the most jaw-dropping post we’ve found on our local community page.

One day someone posted, “Can somebody bring my mom and me a Pepsi? She gets paid tomorrow and will pay you back.”

I answered with nothing but a laughing emoji.

Then I sent her one from my town.

“Can somebody bring me a garden hose? My little girl wants to play in her kiddie pool, but I don’t have a hose to fill it.”

I texted my sister, “Do they own a bucket? A water pitcher? Maybe rinse out a trash can and carry water!”

Now before anybody gets their feathers ruffled, my sister and I have a pact. We never comment. We just send our replies to each other. My husband says we’d be labeled as “mean girls.”

We prefer to think of it as community service… spreading common sense from one end of Oklahoma to the other.

Now don’t misunderstand me. If your house burned down, your husband lost his job, or life knocked the wind out of you, neighbors ought to show up before you even have to ask. That’s what communities are for.

But somewhere along the way we stopped asking ourselves, “How can I figure this out?” and started asking, “Who can fix this for me?”

It wasn’t because life was easier. It was because people expected more from themselves and less from everyone else.

I miss that.

Sometimes I wonder how we’d survive if we had to live the way our grandparents did. Can you imagine how many folks would be in real trouble if they had to haul a bucket of water from the creek just to have water in the house?

I also miss when every thought didn’t need an audience.

Back in my hometown there was a widow whose heart was bigger than her house. She loved to cook, and she loved having company. Instead of sitting on her front porch wishing someone would stop by, she’d cook a big meal and call the fire department or the police department and invite them over for supper.

She didn’t wait for community. She created it.

That little lady never threw herself a pity party. She never posted about being lonely or wondered why nobody came to visit.

She simply moved first… and they came.

She chose to be the blessing instead of waiting on one.

Remember when folks knew your business because they lived life alongside you? Today everyone knows your business because you posted it, with filters, hashtags and a play-by-play.

Now don’t get me wrong. I use social media too. It’s how I keep up with family and friends who live far away. I love watching babies grow up, seeing vacation pictures, celebrating anniversaries and rejoicing over answered prayers.

And yes… I use it for entertainment.

Y’all letting AI give you a makeover and posting it like it’s an actual picture… come on now. Every once in a while it’s fun to pretend your Fairy Godmother showed up with a pumpkin, a couple of mice and a little bibbidi-bobbidi-boo. But every day?

Cinderella… it’s after midnight. You’ve lost your shoe.

I miss when people were a little more humble. If they received a blessing, they thanked God for it. They let their character do the talking instead of their Facebook page.

Somewhere along the way we’ve traded humility for visibility.

In our little one-stoplight town, we didn’t need an app to find our friends. We knew exactly where they’d be. We’d spend Friday nights dragging Main, making lap after lap from one end of town to the other. If you didn’t have enough gas money, you’d park at the tag office or the school parking lot and sit on the hood of your car.

We were connected long before Wi-Fi.

The funny thing is, we have more ways to communicate than any generation before us, yet somehow we’ve never been lonelier. We can video call someone on the other side of the world, but many of us don’t know the name of the person who lives across the street.

We’ve traded front porches for Facebook, driveways for direct messages, and waving across the fence for clicking a thumbs-up emoji.

Maybe the answer isn’t another app, another platform or another community page. Maybe it’s remembering how we were raised.

Figure a few things out for yourself.

Keep a few things to yourself.

Help your neighbor before they ask.

Wave at people you disagree with.

Sit on a front porch every once in a while.

And every now and then… tuck your crazy in.

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Country Lifestyle

Lacey’s Pantry: Baked Ziti

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By Lacey Vilhauer

Ingredients

  • 1 pound (16 ounces) ziti noodles
  • 2 tablespoons olive oil
  • 4 garlic cloves, pressed
  • 1 medium yellow onion, diced
  • 1 pound ground beef
  • 1 pound mild Italian sausage
  • 5 cups marinara sauce
  • 1 teaspoon Italian seasoning
  • 1 teaspoon kosher salt
  • ½ teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes
  • 2 cups shredded mozzarella cheese, divided
  • 1 cup whole milk ricotta cheese
  • ½ cup grated Parmesan cheese, divided
  • 3 tablespoons chopped fresh parsley, divided
  • ¼ teaspoon black pepper
  • 2 large eggs

Instructions

Cook ziti according to package directions. Drain and set aside.

While the pasta cooks, heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Sauté garlic and onion for 2 minutes. Add beef and sausage and cook until browned. Drain off excess fat and return the meat to the skillet.

Add marinara sauce to the skillet. Use your favorite pasta sauce or make your own! Stir in Italian seasoning, salt and red pepper flakes. Simmer on low heat until the pasta is done. Stir half of the meat sauce into the cooked noodles and reserve the rest for layering.

In a small mixing bowl, combine 1 cup of the mozzarella, the ricotta, ¼ cup of the Parmesan, 2 tablespoons of the parsley, the black pepper and the eggs. Mix until combined.

Assemble the ziti in a 13×9 baking dish or in ramekins for individual servings. Spread half of the sauced noodles in the bottom. Dollop half of the cheese mixture over the top and spread it evenly, then add ½ cup of mozzarella and half of the reserved meat sauce.

Repeat with the remaining noodles, cheese mixture and meat sauce. Top with the remaining ½ cup of mozzarella and the remaining ¼ cup of Parmesan.

Bake uncovered at 375 degrees for 20 to 25 minutes, until bubbly and the cheese is melted. Remove from the oven and top with the remaining 1 tablespoon of parsley. Serve hot and enjoy!

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A Better Fire Pit Season

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By Ann Asher

The first cool evenings of September make sitting outside sound good again. After months of Oklahoma heat, a fire pit, a few chairs and an evening outdoors can finally feel inviting.

Before you strike the match, take a few minutes to make sure your fire pit area is ready for fall.

Start with location. Set a fire pit on a level, noncombustible surface such as concrete, brick or patio blocks, not directly on dry grass or other vegetation. The National Fire Protection Association recommends keeping fire pits at least 10 feet from anything that can burn, including decks, siding, fences, overhanging branches and outdoor structures.

That distance matters even more after a dry summer. Even when evenings cool down, dormant grass, fallen leaves and other dry vegetation can catch a spark fast. Clear leaves, sticks and other debris from around the pit before you use it, and skip the fire on windy evenings.

Check whether your county or town has burn restrictions in place. Drought can linger well into fall, and local rules may change with fire danger. A fire that was fine one weekend may be a bad idea the next if conditions have worsened.

For wood-burning pits, use clean, dry, seasoned firewood. Don’t burn trash, treated lumber or painted wood. Never use gasoline or other flammable liquids to start or relight a fire. Commercial fire starters or ordinary kindling are much safer.

Once the fire is going, keep it manageable. A backyard fire pit doesn’t need to become a bonfire to keep you warm. Smaller fires are easier to control, throw fewer embers and are much easier to put out at the end of the evening.

Keep children and pets well away from the pit, and set chairs far enough back that no one sits directly over the heat or in the path of sparks. The NFPA recommends a three-foot child-free zone around the fire.

Look at what else is nearby before everyone settles in. Blankets, loose clothing, outdoor cushions and even the stack of firewood beside the pit can become hazards if they sit too close.

Keep a way to put out the fire within reach. A garden hose, a bucket of water or a shovel and dirt can all work, depending on your fire pit. Never leave a fire unattended, even if it seems to be dying down.

When the evening is over, make sure the fire is completely out. For a wood fire, water the coals, stir them and water them again until no heat, glow or flame remains. Let ashes cool completely, then store them in a metal container with a secure lid, away from anything that can burn.

A fire pit doesn’t need much to become one of the best parts of fall. A safe spot, a little preparation and a manageable fire are usually all it takes. Then all that’s left is finding a comfortable chair and enjoying an Oklahoma evening that is finally cool enough to stay outside.

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